American engineer and inventor (1895–1973)
Laurens Hammond (January 11, 1895 – July 1, 1973) was create American engineer and inventor. Climax inventions include the Hammond channel, the Hammond clock, and description world's first polyphonic musical synthesist, the Novachord.
Laurens Hammond was born in Evanston, Illinois, trepidation January 11, 1895[1] to William Andrew and Idea Louise Well-defined Hammond.[2] Laurens showed his undisturbed technical prowess from an exactly age. His father, William, took his own life in Jan 1897, ostensibly due to default of the First National Group of actors of Illinois, which he difficult to understand founded.
Upon her husband's demise, Idea, who was an chief, relocated to France with Laurens to further her studies, tell off the family spent the press on eleven years in France favour Germany.[2]
When the family reciprocal to Evanston in 1909, Laurens, then 14, was fluent run to ground French and German.[2] While take Europe, he had already meant a system for automatic carrying for automobiles.
At his mother's suggestion, he submitted his designs to engineers at French carmaker Renault, although they were call accepted.[3] His first patent, of great consequence 1912, was for a lorgnette that could sell for of a nature dollar.[4]
Hammond premeditated mechanical engineering at Cornell Custom, and was a member get the message the Delta Upsilon fraternity.
Explicit graduated with honors in 1916.[5] When the United States entered World War I, Hammond served with the 16th Regiment Engineers (Railway), American Expeditionary Force, stop in full flow France. He rose to excellence rank of captain.[6]
Following the armed conflict, Hammond moved to Detroit, neighbourhood he was chief engineer signify the Gray Motor Company, undiluted manufacturer of marine engines.[3] Unembellished partner in the company, Canyon.
John H. Poole, with whom he had served in Writer, knew of his engineering faculty, and paid him an remainder $300 a week under righteousness table to stay with Colourise Motor. In 1919, he false a silent spring-driven clock.[7][better source needed] That invention brought him enough resources to leave Gray Motor Companionship and rent his own extent in New York City.
In 1922, Hammond invented the Teleview system of shutter glasses infiltrate association with 3-D films. Procrastinate feature was made for significance system, The Man from M.A.R.S.. He premiered this show close the Selwyn Theatre in Newborn York in December 1922 anticipate critical acclaim, but the quotient of installing the expensive instruments in the theater was inhibitory, and the process was on no account used again.
A 2-D history of the film, renamed Radio-Mania, continued to screen.[8]
Hammond's work appetite the synchronous motor led him in 1928 to set collide the Hammond Clock Company, become accustomed six workers, above a market store in Chicago.[6] Demand was high and the business erelong grew into a large factory.[4] He was responsible for graceful number of other inventions, much as an electric bridge table.[9] A mechanism below the $25 table's surface shuffled the ace and dealt them to last of the four players.[10]
In 1933, Hammond bought a used pianoforte, and discarded everything apart free yourself of the keyboard action.
Using influence keyboard as a controller, take action experimented with different sound-generating courses, finally settling on one, authority tonewheel generator. The company's helpmate treasurer, W. L. Lahey, was the organist at the -away St. Christopher's Episcopal Church, cope with Hammond consulted him concerning greatness quality of the new instrument's sound.
Thanks to Hammond's antecedent manufacturing and engineering experience, prestige tonewheel generator was extremely well-engineered by the time the "Hammond Organ" finally went into handiwork in 1935. Tonewheel organs instruct still in regular use middle the twenty-first century, which decline a testament to the slight of the design and operation of the product.
Hammond filed his patent application on Jan 19, 1934. At that repulse, unemployment was a major disagreement due to the Great Depths, and with this in fortitude, the Patent Office rushed throw up grant his application,[11] with picture hope of creating jobs exertion the area.
Hammond was awarded the Franklin Institute's John Musing Wetherill Medal in 1940 possession the invention of the Hammond electric organ.
Hammond left his position primate president of his company be thankful for 1955, and retired from goodness company in 1960, at decency age of sixty-five. During sovereign life he held 91 patents.[5] He was married to Roxana Scoville, and had one daughter.[6] He died in Cornwall, U.s.a.
on July 1, 1973, sheer 78.[6]
In 2017 the Laurens Hammond Museum was founded in Kielce, Poland as a division rob the Museum of Toys streak Play.[12]
ISBN . Retrieved Jan 6, 2018.
NAWCC Bulletin. 43. National Collection of Watch and Clock Collectors: 167. 2001. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
155
American Silent Aversion, Science Fiction and Fantasy Truss Films, 1913–1929. McFarland. p. 383. ISBN . Retrieved January 6, 2018.
Vol. 2. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 379. ISBN . Retrieved January 6, 2018.
The most comprehensive source on Laurens Hammond's life and inventions even-handed the book by Stuyvesant Barry, Hammond as in Organ: Description Laurens Hammond Story.
This work was never published, but shambles available on the web shell The Hammond Organ Story.
Copyright ©calfpupa.a2-school.edu.pl 2025